What to See and Do in China

China, with its rich tapestry of history, culture, and natural beauty, is an expansive destination offering something for every type of traveler. From the bustling cities of Beijing and Shanghai to the serene landscapes of Guilin and the majestic Great Wall, China promises an array of experiences that are as diverse as its geography. This guide will take you on a journey through some of the most captivating sights and activities in China, providing insights into the must-see attractions, hidden gems, and practical tips for making the most of your trip.

Beijing: The Heart of China’s History and Culture
Beijing, the capital city, is a must-visit for anyone interested in China’s imperial past. The Forbidden City stands as a testament to the grandeur of the Ming and Qing dynasties. With its labyrinth of palaces, courtyards, and gardens, it's an essential stop for anyone wanting to grasp the scale of China’s historical opulence.

Not far from the Forbidden City, Tiananmen Square offers a different kind of historical weight. It’s one of the largest public squares in the world, surrounded by significant landmarks such as the Mao Zedong Memorial Hall and the National Museum of China.

Another iconic site is the Temple of Heaven, where emperors once prayed for a good harvest. The park surrounding the temple is perfect for an early morning stroll, where locals practice Tai Chi and engage in traditional activities.

To truly understand the strategic importance of Beijing, a visit to the Great Wall of China is indispensable. The Wall stretches over 13,000 miles, but popular sections like Badaling and Mutianyu offer the most accessible and rewarding experiences. Hiking here provides a sense of the monumental effort it took to build this ancient defense structure.

Shanghai: The Fusion of Modernity and Tradition
Shanghai, China’s bustling financial hub, offers a stark contrast to Beijing's historical ambiance. The Bund, a waterfront area with colonial-era buildings, provides a stunning view of Shanghai’s skyline, where modern skyscrapers like the Shanghai Tower and the Oriental Pearl Tower dominate the horizon.

For a taste of local life and traditional Chinese architecture, wander through the Yuyuan Garden, an exquisite classical garden that dates back to the Ming dynasty. Nearby, the Old City area provides a glimpse into traditional Shanghai, complete with vibrant markets and street food.

Don’t miss the Shanghai Museum located in the city center, where you can explore a diverse collection of Chinese art and artifacts. The museum’s design itself is a modern architectural marvel.

Guilin: Scenic Beauty Beyond Compare
Guilin, located in southern China, is famous for its otherworldly landscapes. The Li River Cruise is one of the most popular ways to experience this natural beauty. The river winds through dramatic karst formations and picturesque villages, offering some of the most breathtaking scenery in China.

After the cruise, explore Yangshuo, a small town known for its relaxed atmosphere and stunning rural landscapes. Activities here include cycling through the countryside, rock climbing, and exploring the local markets.

The Reed Flute Cave is another must-see. This limestone cave system is illuminated with vibrant lights, revealing stunning stalactites and stalagmites that have formed over millions of years.

Xi’an: The Ancient Capital and the Terracotta Warriors
Xi’an, once the starting point of the Silk Road, is home to the famous Terracotta Army. Discovered in 1974, these thousands of life-sized figures were buried with the first Emperor of China, Qin Shi Huang, to protect him in the afterlife. The site offers a fascinating glimpse into ancient Chinese burial practices and imperial power.

The Xi’an City Wall is another remarkable site. It is one of the best-preserved city walls in China, providing panoramic views of the city and a chance to walk or bike along its ancient ramparts.

Chengdu: The Land of Pandas and Spicy Cuisine
Chengdu, the capital of Sichuan Province, is renowned for its giant pandas. The Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding allows visitors to see these adorable creatures up close and learn about conservation efforts.

Sichuan cuisine is another highlight of Chengdu. Known for its bold flavors and use of Sichuan peppercorns, the local food scene offers a variety of spicy dishes, from hotpot to mapo tofu.

Hong Kong: A Cosmopolitan Experience
Hong Kong, a special administrative region, blends Eastern and Western influences. Victoria Peak offers stunning views of the city’s skyline and harbor, while the Star Ferry provides a picturesque way to cross Victoria Harbour.

Temple Street Night Market is perfect for those looking to experience local street food and shop for souvenirs. The market is alive with neon lights and the hum of bargaining.

Practical Tips for Traveling in China

• Visa Requirements: Most travelers will need a visa to enter China. Ensure you check the latest requirements and apply well in advance.
• Language: Mandarin is the official language, but in major cities, English is widely understood in tourist areas.
• Currency: The Renminbi (RMB) is the official currency. Credit cards are accepted in most major establishments, but carrying some cash is advisable for smaller vendors.
• Transportation: China has an extensive high-speed rail network that connects major cities. For urban travel, the metro systems in cities like Beijing and Shanghai are efficient and easy to use.

Final Thoughts
China is a country of contrasts, where ancient traditions coexist with cutting-edge modernity. Whether you are exploring historical landmarks, marveling at natural wonders, or delving into local cuisines, the experiences are as diverse as the landscapes. Prepare to be captivated by a journey that promises to be both enriching and exhilarating.