Xi'an Local Food: A Journey Through Flavors

Xi'an, the ancient capital of China and the starting point of the Silk Road, boasts a rich history that is intricately intertwined with its local cuisine. The city is famous for its diverse and flavorful food, deeply influenced by centuries of cultural exchanges between the East and the West. Xi'an’s food is unique, a perfect blend of Chinese, Islamic, and Silk Road influences, which have made its local dishes world-renowned. For anyone visiting Xi'an, indulging in the local food is not just a culinary experience but also a deep dive into the city’s vibrant history and culture.

In this article, we will explore some of the most famous and iconic local foods of Xi'an. From street snacks to hearty meals, these dishes will give you a taste of the authentic Xi'an food experience.

Biang Biang Noodles (Biángbiáng Miàn)

One of Xi'an’s most famous dishes, Biang Biang Noodles, is known for its wide, thick, and chewy noodles. The noodles are hand-pulled and typically served with a flavorful sauce made from vinegar, soy sauce, garlic, chili, and oil. Sometimes, toppings like beef or lamb are added, along with green vegetables to complement the dish.
The name "biang" is famous for the complexity of its Chinese character, which has over 50 strokes. Eating these noodles is not just about the flavor but also appreciating the craftsmanship behind each handmade strand.

Roujiamo (Chinese Hamburger)

Known as Chinese Hamburger, Roujiamo is a street food favorite in Xi'an. This traditional snack consists of finely chopped, slow-cooked meat (usually pork, beef, or lamb) that is stuffed into a crispy, pan-fried flatbread. The pork version is often seasoned with a blend of spices, giving it a rich, savory flavor, while the beef or lamb versions, favored by the Muslim population, have a slightly different spice profile with a Middle Eastern twist.
Roujiamo is the perfect snack for anyone on the go, and it's believed to be one of the oldest sandwiches in the world.

Yangrou Paomo (Lamb Soup with Crumbled Flatbread)

A true Xi'an specialty, Yangrou Paomo is a hearty soup made with lamb and crumbled flatbread. The dish has a strong connection to the city’s Islamic heritage, and it’s particularly popular among the Muslim Hui minority in Xi'an.
To enjoy this dish, diners are traditionally given a piece of dense, dry flatbread which they break into small pieces by hand and add to their bowl. The soup, which is rich and fragrant with spices, is then poured over the bread. The longer the bread soaks, the more flavor it absorbs. Often, the soup is served with pickled garlic and chili paste for added spice.

Qishan Saozi Noodles

Another popular noodle dish from Xi'an is Qishan Saozi Noodles. These thin noodles are served in a rich broth that is both sour and spicy. The "saozi" refers to finely minced pork, which is stir-fried with tofu, potatoes, and other vegetables before being added to the soup. The tangy flavor of the dish comes from the use of vinegar, which balances the spiciness of the chili oil used in the broth.
Qishan Saozi Noodles are often eaten during winter as a way to warm up and invigorate the body.

Huasheng Tang (Peanut Soup)

For something sweet, try Huasheng Tang, or Peanut Soup. This traditional dessert is made from peanuts that have been boiled down into a smooth, creamy soup. It's typically sweetened with sugar and sometimes flavored with osmanthus flowers or other fragrant ingredients. The texture is rich and velvety, making it a comforting treat on a chilly day.

Xi'an Cold Noodles (Liangpi)

Liangpi, or Xi'an Cold Noodles, are a refreshing summer dish, perfect for the hot months in Xi'an. These noodles are made from wheat or rice flour and served cold with a tangy, spicy sauce made from vinegar, sesame oil, garlic, and chili. Often, shredded cucumber, bean sprouts, and peanuts are added for texture and flavor.
Liangpi is a popular street food in Xi'an, and it offers a perfect balance of flavors — sour, spicy, and slightly sweet — making it a must-try for visitors looking for something light and flavorful.

Zenggao (Steamed Glutinous Rice Cake)

Zenggao is a traditional Xi'an dessert, made from glutinous rice, red dates, and sweet red bean paste. The rice cake is steamed until it becomes sticky and soft, then served either hot or cold. It's sweet but not overpowering, with the natural sweetness of the red dates and bean paste shining through. Zenggao is often sold by street vendors and is a popular snack among locals.

Chao Shou (Xi’an Dumplings)

While dumplings are common across China, Chao Shou dumplings from Xi'an are unique in their delicate preparation and flavor. These dumplings are typically filled with ground pork or beef and are served in a rich, spicy broth. The wrappers are thin and tender, allowing the filling to remain juicy and flavorful.
Chao Shou is often enjoyed as a quick snack or light meal, and it’s especially satisfying during the cold months when the spicy broth warms the body.

Xiangsu Ji (Crispy Chicken)

Xiangsu Ji, or Crispy Chicken, is another must-try dish when visiting Xi'an. The chicken is marinated in a blend of spices before being deep-fried to a golden crisp. The outside is crispy, while the inside remains tender and juicy. Often, it’s served with a side of dipping sauce, such as vinegar or a spiced chili sauce.
This dish is popular at family gatherings and during festive occasions, as it’s seen as a symbol of prosperity and good fortune.

Hulu Ji (Gourd Chicken)

A famous dish from the Tang Dynasty, Hulu Ji, or Gourd Chicken, is a whole chicken that is marinated, steamed, and then deep-fried until crispy. The unique preparation method gives the chicken its distinctive gourd-like shape, with a tender and flavorful meat that falls off the bone. This dish is usually reserved for special occasions, and its rich history makes it a popular choice among food historians and locals alike.

Mutton Skewers (Yang Rou Chuan)

A classic street food found throughout Xi'an, Yang Rou Chuan are spicy lamb skewers that are grilled over an open flame. The lamb is marinated with cumin, chili, and other spices, giving it a smoky, bold flavor. These skewers are a popular snack for both locals and tourists, and you can find them at nearly every street corner in Xi'an.
Grabbing a few lamb skewers and strolling through the city's night markets is an essential part of the Xi'an food experience.

Conclusion

Xi'an’s local food is a testament to the city's rich cultural heritage and historical significance as a melting pot of different culinary influences. Whether you’re a fan of noodles, dumplings, or street snacks, the food of Xi'an offers a variety of flavors that cater to all taste preferences. The combination of ancient cooking techniques with fresh ingredients ensures that every dish not only satisfies your hunger but also tells a story of the city’s vibrant past.

When visiting Xi'an, make sure to take the time to explore its local cuisine. From famous dishes like Biang Biang Noodles to the hidden gems like Zenggao, each meal is an adventure in taste, culture, and history.